TREND-19 · Trend Following

Elder Triple Screen

Combines a trend filter (MACD + long EMA), a pullback filter (Force Index proxy), and a breakout trigger. Long-only implementation aligned with daily data.

TrendMomentum

At a glance

Best onMarkets with orderly pullbacks
Signal frequencyDaily
Typical holding periodDays
Asset classesIndex, Commodity, FX
Markets tested10
Data through2026-11-10

What the backtest shows

  • Beat buy-and-hold on 3 of 10 markets by annual return over 5 years.
  • Had a smaller maximum drawdown than buy-and-hold on 10 of 10 markets.
  • Best market by Sharpe ratio: SPY (Sharpe 0.00, CAGR 0.0%).
  • Weakest market: ETH-USD (Sharpe 0.00, CAGR 0.0%).
  • Few or no trades in the window on SPY, GLD, USO, EURUSD=X, DBC, SLV, DBA, UNG, BTC-USD, ETH-USD — treat those rows as a sign the rules rarely triggered, not as an edge.

Equity curve

0.542.795.057.309.55 201020122014201620182020202220242026
Elder Triple Screen Buy & hold · SPY, 2010-01-04 → 2026-11-10, growth of 1

Score and risk profile

Not ranked in this window: the strategy was in the market less than 5% of the time.

How it held up in sell-offs (SPY)

PeriodStrategyBuy & hold
Q4 2018 sell-off0.0%-19.2%
COVID crash (Feb–Mar 2020)0.0%-33.7%
2022 bear market0.0%-24.5%
Market above its 200-day average (annualized) · 81%0.0%+12.5%
Market below its 200-day average (annualized) · 19%0.0%+19.8%

Sell-off dates follow the US stock market. Above/below the 200-day average uses the previous day's position, so there is no look-ahead.

Out-of-sample check (SPY)

CheckValue
Chosen parameters on their 3-year training windows (average Sharpe)0.00
Same parameters in the following 6 months, when traded (Sharpe)0.00
Default parameters over the same months (Sharpe)0.00
Parameter re-selections / changes28 / 0
Parameter settings with a positive Sharpe (full history)0 of 9
Sharpe across settings: worst / median / best0.00 / 0.00 / 0.00

Out-of-sample periods start on 2013-01-04. Training-window figures are flattered by picking the best of 9 settings; the out-of-sample figure is what the strategy actually earned. A large drop, or a result that depends on one setting, points to overfitting. How walk-forward testing works.

Results by market (5 years)

MarketCAGRBuy & hold CAGRSharpeMax drawdownBuy & hold max DDVolatilityArena Score
SPYSPDR S&P 5000.0%11.6%0.000.0%-24.5%0.0%—
GLDSPDR Gold Shares0.0%16.4%0.000.0%-28.3%0.0%—
USOUnited States Oil Fund0.0%20.2%0.000.0%-36.2%0.0%—
EURUSD=XEUR/USD0.0%-0.7%0.000.0%-17.2%0.0%—
DBCInvesco DB Commodity Index0.0%10.8%0.000.0%-27.3%0.0%—
SLViShares Silver Trust0.0%15.2%0.000.0%-57.8%0.0%—
DBAInvesco DB Agriculture0.0%8.8%0.000.0%-15.9%0.0%—
UNGUnited States Natural Gas0.0%-30.7%0.000.0%-93.3%0.0%—
BTC-USDBitcoin0.0%2.6%0.000.0%-75.9%0.0%—
ETH-USDEthereum0.0%-15.1%0.000.0%-79.0%0.0%—

Strategy metrics use daily returns without trading costs. Buy-and-hold figures are for the same market and window. Rows are sorted by Sharpe ratio.

SPY across time windows

WindowTotal returnCAGRSharpeSortinoMax DDWin daysTrades
1 year0.0%0.0%0.000.000.0%0%0
3 years0.0%0.0%0.000.000.0%0%0
5 years0.0%0.0%0.000.000.0%0%0
Full history0.0%0.0%0.000.000.0%0%0

Rules

Entry

Trend up AND Force Index < 0 AND close > recent high

Exit

Trend filter turns down

Indicators

MACD histogram for trend filter
Force Index proxy = close.diff()
Entry breakout = recent high

Inputs

MACD_Fast = 12
MACD_Slow = 26
MACD_Signal = 9
EMA_Long = 50
Force_EMA = 13
Entry_Lookback = 20

Position sizing

Fixed 100% allocation

Risk controls

Requires pullback before breakout entry

Strategy evidence

Only available, validated bundles appear below. Missing evidence is not a passing validation result.

Evidence coverage

10 / 10 declared strategy–market pairs validated

Notes

  • Force Index uses price-change proxy (no volume)
  • Simplified long-only version

Related strategies

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Backtests are historical simulations on daily data and do not include commissions or slippage. They do not guarantee future results and are not investment advice. See the methodology for how every strategy is tested.

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